第六次應用語言學沙龍 語言理解眼動研究專題

    第六次應用語言學沙龍 
    語言理解眼動研究專題

地點：意昂体育（楊詠曼樓）214室
時間👷🏿‍♂️：2016年6月1日（星期三）13：30-17：10
聯系人🚛：汪玉霞

Session One: 13：30-14：20 (40mins Presentation + 10mins Q&A) 
Session Two: 14：20-15：10 (40mins Presentation + 10mins Q&A) 
Coffee Break: 15:10-15:30
Session Three: 15:30-16:20 (40mins Presentation + 10mins Q&A)
Session Four: 16:20 -17:10 (40mins Presentation + 10mins Q&A)

SESSION ONE
Title: Eye Tracking in Reading Research
Speaker: Dr. S. B. Hutton, School of Psychology, University of Sussex / R-Research, Ontario.
Abstract
Researchers have used eye tracking technology to inform their understanding of how people read and process written language for several decades. Indeed psycholinguists have been pioneers in the development of eye tracking technology, methodology, and techniques for analysing eye movement data. In this talk I will briefly review the basics of oculomotor control (saccades / fixations / foveal and parafoveal vision), before discussing the dominant eye tracking paradigms used by researchers interested in reading. I will describe standard sentence reading tasks (including detailed discussion of how to derive standard reading measures such as first fixation duration, regression path duration etc) and then consider more advanced techniques such as those involving gaze-contingent windows / masks and boundary triggered changes. The talk will focus on how these tasks can be implemented using Experiment Builder software for stimulus presentation, and how the resulting data can be analyzed using Data Viewer software.

SESSION TWO
Title: Eye Tracking in Language Comprehension
Speaker🧑🏽‍🎄：Dr. S. B. Hutton, School of Psychology, University of Sussex / R-Research, Ontario.
Abstract:
Whilst the dominant use of eye tracking technology in language research has focused on eye movements during reading, in recent years researchers have begun to appreciate that the technology can also be used to provide important insights into the cognitive processes involved in language comprehension. The dominant paradigm is referred to as the "visual world task" and involves presenting participants with images that they view whilst listening to a sentence unfold. The pattern of gaze over time can provide important clues as to how the spoken language is being parsed in real time. In this talk I will describe the basic visual world task in detail, and explore the various approaches to analysis that can be taken. The talk will provide practical advice on how visual world tasks can be implemented in Experiment Builder, and how Time Series Analyses can be performed simply with Data Viewer.

SESSION THREE
Title：Semantic integration in Chinese reading: Evidence from Eye Movements
Speaker：Dr. Yang Jinmian, Department of Psychology, Fudan University
Abstract:
Written Chinese is a script that differs in many important ways from alphabetic languages. In this talk, I will first introduce the particular properties of written Chinese (e.g., spaces do not mark word boundaries) and what has been discovered about reading Chinese (as well as how it is different from reading English). Then, I will present two experiments examining the time course of semantic integration of single-character and two-character target words. Given that the same Chinese character can be a word on its own or the first character of a two-character word with totally different meanings, semantic integration is not expected to occur in an immediate manner. However, our results consistently show that semantic integration processes in reading Chinese are performed in an immediate manner and on a word-by-word basis. Moreover, these results imply that word segmentation must take place very early in the course of processing.

SESSION FOUR
Title: The Online Processing of Mandarin Focus Adverb Structures --- Evidence from Eye-Tracking
Speaker：Dr. Wang Yuxia, School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai JiaoTong University 
Abstract: 
The understanding of a sentence requires a good interpretation of both word meaning and inference meaning. Semantic focus, which expresses the most important and salient information in a discourse, is such an example. According to Alternative Semantics Theory (Rooth, 1992), focus is associated with the presence of a set of focus alternatives; hence, its comprehension involves both the foci and its alternatives. Therefore, whether the presence of focus alternative sets/ propositions has any psychological reality is an important research question. Using eye-tracking，we investigated the time course issue of processing focus structures marked by exclusive focus adverb “zhi” and scalar focus adverb “lian” in two studies. Study one suggested that Chinese language parser was sensitive to the semantic differences associated with different focus particles and the understanding of focus could automatically activate focus alternative sets/ propositions. Study two found an interaction effect between focus particles and event likelikhood where scalar focus “lian” was processed faster when followed with events of low likelihood, while exclusive focus “zhi” was faster with events of high likelihood. The results indicated that focus-associated contrastive information was rapidly comprehended. 

Sam Hutton簡介：
加拿大SR Reaearch公司駐歐洲科學家/英國蘇賽克斯大學高級講師，訪問學者。
Sam博士有著20多年的視覺認知研究經歷🚣‍♀️，涉及心理生理學、神經心理學和精神藥理學。他的第一個主要研究方向是視動，如平滑追蹤和反方向跳視在臨床醫學中的應用；第二個方向是情緒面孔加工；第三個方向是認知加工與瞳孔尺寸的關系。同時Sam博士利用眼動配合其他設備諸如ERP，fMRI和TMS（經顱磁刺激）進行精神病理學、神經心理學研究。近期利用眼動技術進行視頻遊戲市場研究👨🏿‍🔧，以幫助改進遊戲設計👩🏼‍🌾。
Sam博士先後發表眼動相關的論文五十多篇。在SR Research任職科研支持專家工作後廣泛參與了EYELINK用戶的科研工作，對眼動涉及的各種研究領域均有掌握。

楊錦綿簡介🌶：
華南師範大學心理系碩士，美國麻州大學安城分校（University of Massachusetts, Amherst）心理系博士，加州大學聖地亞哥分校心理系博士後，復旦大學心理系青年副研究員🥙。研究方向為閱讀中的眼動效應，包括影響詞匯識別的因素，中文的語義跟語法加工，中英文預視效應的機製，老年人，聾人，失語症病人的閱讀行為研究，以及用ERP的方法檢測眼動研究中發現的閱讀效應。在Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance; Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition; Psychology and Aging等國內外學術期刊上發表論文二十余篇🦶🏻。

汪玉霞簡介：
意昂体育講師𓀁，香港城市大學語言學及應用語言學博士🧑🏽‍🌾🔎，法國科意昂認知與學習研究中心博士後，在香港城市大學語音和認知研究實驗室擔任高級助理研究員。研究方向為理論語言學和心理語言學👙，主要包括語音感知、句子的在線加工和腦機製🧨🧇。